According to the classification of the types of products supplied, a thermal power plant is generally a plant that not only supplies electricity but also heat (such as hot water and steam) to the outside. According to the classification of fuels, thermal power plants can be divided into: coal-fired thermal power plants, oil-fired thermal power plants, gas-fired thermal power plants, and thermal power plants that use garbage and industrial waste as fuel. They are usually composed of thermal systems, fuel supply systems, ash removal systems, chemical water treatment systems, water supply systems, electrical systems, thermal control systems, and ancillary production systems.
Thermal power plants will produce various types of wastewater during operation, mainly including the following:
Acid and alkali regeneration wastewater from chemical water treatment systems: This is wastewater generated by thermal power plants during chemical water treatment, containing chemical substances such as acids and alkalis.
Industrial cooling water drainage: The equipment of thermal power plants requires a large amount of cooling water during operation, and these cooling waters will form drainage after use.
Filter backwash wastewater: Wastewater generated during the backwash process for cleaning filters.
Cooling tower sewage wastewater: A certain amount of wastewater will be discharged during the operation of cooling towers.
Boiler cleaning wastewater: To ensure the normal operation and efficiency of the boiler, the regular cleaning process will generate wastewater.
Taking a gas-fired thermal power plant in central China as an example, we introduce some common gas-fired thermal power plant wastewater treatment processes:
Pretreatment: Since the wastewater of gas-fired thermal power plants may contain high concentrations of harmful substances such as phenol, ammonia and fluorine, the pretreatment stage mainly includes physical and chemical processes such as dephenolization, ammonia removal and fluorine removal. These steps help to reduce the difficulty of subsequent biochemical treatment and avoid waste of resources.
Biochemical treatment: The wastewater after pretreatment still contains high COD (chemical oxygen demand) and other organic matter. Therefore, the biochemical treatment stage adopts biological combination technologies with denitrification functions, such as anoxic-aerobic method (A/O process), anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic method (A-A/O process), SBR method, oxidation ditch, aerated biological filter method (BAF), etc., to further remove pollutants in the wastewater.
Deep treatment: After biochemical treatment, the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater has been greatly reduced, but it may still not meet the emission standards or reuse requirements. Therefore, the deep treatment stage adopts coagulation sedimentation, advanced oxidation, adsorption or membrane treatment technology to further remove residual pollutants in the wastewater.
In addition, for specific types of wastewater such as circulating cooling water, special treatment is required. This includes mechanical sewage discharge to remove suspended matter and sludge, chemical treatment to add defoamers, corrosion inhibitors, fungicides, etc. to improve water quality, purification treatment to remove tiny particles and harmful substances, and sludge treatment to reduce secondary pollution.
The specific wastewater treatment process may vary depending on factors such as the actual situation of the thermal power plant, the characteristics of the wastewater and the discharge standards. Therefore, in actual application, it is necessary to select and adjust according to the specific situation.
As an innovative leader in the field of water treatment, CHLORY has developed a series of efficient and energy-saving water treatment equipment, and its core technologies include advanced membrane separation systems, high-efficiency electrochemical treatment devices and intelligent monitoring platforms.
CHLORY's membrane separation technology uses a new type of anti-pollution composite membrane material with the characteristics of high flux, high retention rate and long life. Its reverse osmosis (RO) system can achieve a desalination rate of more than 98%, and the nanofiltration (NF) membrane has the ability to selectively remove divalent ions, which is particularly suitable for the treatment of high-salt wastewater in thermal power plants. The electrochemical treatment equipment adopts patented plate design and power control technology, which can efficiently remove heavy metals (removal rate>99%) and degrade organic pollutants, while reducing energy consumption by 30% compared with traditional electrochemical systems.
The intelligent monitoring system is another highlight of CHLORY equipment. It uses the Internet of Things technology to collect water quality parameters (pH, ORP, turbidity, conductivity, etc.) and equipment operating status in real time, and uses big data analysis to optimize operating parameters to achieve accurate dosing and fault warning. The system supports remote access and control, which greatly reduces the difficulty and labor costs of operation and maintenance.
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